Dempo is a stratovolcano located in Indonesia, standing at an elevation of 3,142.0 meters above sea level within a subduction zone and continental crust tectonic setting (greater than 25 kilometers depth). Managed in scientific records under volcano number 261230, the Smithsonian Global Volcanism Program tracks its volcanic activity and eruption history.
Overview of Recorded Eruptions
The official record for Dempo contains 33 confirmed eruptions. These events rely on reported observations as their evidence method. Across the recorded history of the volcano, the largest measured Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI) is 2.0. All 33 recorded eruptions feature a documented VEI observation count.
Activity Distribution Across Centuries
Historical eruption documentation spans three centuries, beginning in the 19th century CE and extending into the 21st century CE:
- 19th century CE: 11 recorded eruptions, starting with an event on December 31, 1817 CE (VEI 2.0) and including activity spanning from July 2, 1895 CE to September 30, 1895 CE (VEI 2.0).
- 20th century CE: 14 recorded eruptions, including activity from January 24, 1934 CE to April 25, 1934 CE (VEI 2.0) and an eruption on October 16, 1994 CE (VEI 1.0).
- 21st century CE: 8 recorded eruptions, concluding with a confirmed eruption starting on August 7, 2025 CE and ending on August 29, 2025 CE (VEI 2.0).
The profile's last known eruption year is recorded as 2025 CE, aligning with the latest confirmed eruption period that concluded on August 29, 2025 CE.
Frequently asked questions
How many eruptions has Dempo recorded?
Dempo has a total of 33 confirmed historical eruptions documented in the official record.
When was Dempo's earliest recorded eruption?
The earliest recorded eruption in Dempo's official timeline began on December 31, 1817 CE.
What is the largest recorded VEI for Dempo?
The largest recorded Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI) for Dempo is 2.0.
Where is Dempo located?
Dempo is located in Indonesia and stands at an elevation of 3,142.0 meters.
Image credits
- Umbra Lab, Inc. — Wikimedia Commons source — CC BY 4.0
Sources and further context
Official datasets support the event-specific facts.